BMS2625 – Laboratory report (worth 50% of total module grade)
Introduction
Spirometry is a simple test used to help diagnose and monitor certain lung conditions, for example chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, restrictive lung disease. A spirometer is used to record the amount of inhaled and exhaled air. Lung function parameters are important predictors of morbidity and mortality.
The data will be collected during the BMS2625/BMS2665 spirometry lab. The measurements include lung function test parameters, for example forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC). It also includes predicted values calculated based on reference group measurements, according to the height, age, and gender of the students.
Your task is to study how pulmonary function test parameters are affected by specific factors, such as age, gender, height, body mass index. You only need to consider one factor as part of your research question.
Word count: 1500 words (excluding references).
The assessment will be based on the following criteria (rubric shown below)
- An introduction to the experiment and the background to the clinical application of the measurement system for monitoring or diagnosis. An explanation of the principles of operation of the equipment (spirometer) and how it is used to deliver quality healthcare. Include references and citations to current literature. (weight 25%)
It is important that you:
- Explain what are the clinical applications of pulmonary function tests for clinical monitoring or diagnosis, and discuss relevant research involving the parameters measured in spirometry
- Explain how a spirometer works, and how it is used to deliver quality healthcare
- A section describing the materials and/or equipment and methods used in the experiment. An evaluation of the risks involved and the steps taken to ensure safe use of the equipment with references to quality and legal frameworks.
(weight 25%)
It is important that you:
- Explain the experimental steps in your own words, and explain how the lung function parameters are derived
- Evaluate any risk associated to the safe use of the equipment
- A section presenting the results and analysis undertaken arising from data acquired from the experiment in a clear and understandable form.
(weight 20%)
It is important that you:
- Produce appropriate descriptive and/or graphical summaries of the data (e.g. mean, median, standard deviation, histogram
- Study how lung function parameters are affected by one of the main factors and use statistical tests to support your findings
- A discussion of the results and their implications and application to the monitoring and diagnosis of medical conditions leading to brief but clear conclusions. Discuss the limitations of the materials and methods.
(weight 20%)
It is important that you:
- Compare your results with the previous literature
- Discuss the study design, for example:
- Number of participants per age group
- Missing values
- Outliers
- Discuss the study design, for example:
- The report needs to be presented in a professional style with respect to structure, grammar and spelling. A brief abstract is included evidencing the contents of the report. A well‐ formatted reference list is included. You should use the Harvard referencing style (weight 10%)
- PLEASE use Arial size 14 and leave double‐spacing between the lines.
WARNING
The work should be submitted via Turnitin – a specific drop‐box will be dedicated for this.
You are warned not to present somebody else’s work as though it was your own, including another student’s work. If you do this your work will be ‘U’ graded which means it will be put under investigation for academic dishonesty/plagiarism and, if confirmed given a ‘P’ grade which will mean, at the very least, you fail the module. However, you can easily avoid this action if you write up your work in your own words and do your own analysis, graphs etc. Also, make sure that you properly cite any references used.
Learning Outcomes
The following highlighted learning outcomes will be assessed:
- Operate safely diagnostic equipment and troubleshoot a piece of equipment by using logical deduction
- Justify the choice of equipment with reference to its legal use in the clinical setting and explain in detail how it works.
- Evaluate the risks and benefits of using the equipment or technique.
- Compare the quality assurance processes related to medical imaging.
| Assignment marking criteria rubric (Laboratory report) | ||||||
| Section/ criteria | 1‐4 | 5‐8 | 9‐12 | 13‐16 | 17‐19 | 20 |
| Introduction: | You have introduced | You have introduced | You have introduced | Your introduction has | Your introduction | There is no |
| (25%) | the experiment and its | the experiment and | some elements of the | little background to | has no background | introduction. |
| clinical background in | its clinical | experiment and its | the clinical application | to the clinical | ||
| a clear and | background in a | clinical background. | of the experiment or | application of the | ||
| comprehensive way. | clear and concise | There is some | the investigation. | experiment or the | ||
| The principles of | way. The principles | description of | There is little or no | equipment. There is | ||
| operation and its use | of operation and its | principles of operation | description of | no description of | ||
| are fully described and | use are described | and use. References | principles of operation | principles of | ||
| you have drawn on a | well and you have | are missing, limited or | and use. References | operation and use. | ||
| wide range of quality | drawn on a range of | cited poorly. | and citations are very | References are | ||
| literature sources and | literature sources | limited or missing. | missing. | |||
| cited them accurately. | with citations. | |||||
| Materials and | You have given a | You have given a | You have given a | You have given an | You have not given | There is no section |
| Method | comprehensive | good description of | description of the | incomplete description | a description of the | describing materials |
| (25%) | description of the | the materials, | materials, equipment | of the materials, | materials, | and methods. OR: |
| materials, equipment | equipment and | and methods used in | equipment and | equipment and | You did not attend | |
| and methods used in | methods used in the | the experiment, | methods used in the | methods used in | the laboratory | |
| the experiment. There | experiment. | though some aspects | experiment. There is | the experiment. | session. | |
| is a clear and | There is a good | are incomplete. There | an incomplete | You have not | ||
| complete evaluation | evaluation of the | is some evaluation of | evaluation of the risks | evaluated the risks | ||
| of the risks involved | risks involved and | the risks involved and | involved in the | involved in the | ||
| and the steps taken to | the steps taken to | the steps taken to | experiment. | experiment. | ||
| ensure safe use of the | ensure safe use of | ensure safe use of the | ||||
| equipment. | the equipment. | equipment. | ||||
| Results and | You have provided a | You have provided a | You have provided | You have provided | You have provided | There is no results |
| Analysis: | clear and complete | clear presentation of | some presentation of | some presentation of | little or no | section |
| (20%) | presentation of the | the results and their | the results and their | the results though the | presentation of the | |
| results and their | analysis. Analysis | analysis, though some | analysis is incorrect or | results with | ||
| analysis. Analysis | methods are correct | analysis methods are | incomplete. | incorrect or | ||
| methods are correct | and adequately | incorrect or | incomplete | |||
| and well described. | described. | incomplete. | analysis. | |||
| Discussion and | You have discussed | Your discussion of | Your discussion of the | You have provided | You have provided | There is no |
| Conclusions: | the results in a | the results is good | results is reasonable | very little in the way of | no meaningful | discussion and |
| (20%) | comprehensive and | and you have drawn | and you have drawn | meaningful discussion | discussion of the | conclusion section. |
| clear way and drawn | accurate and | some conclusions | of the results and your | results and no | ||
| accurate and | appropriate | relevant the data but | conclusions are limited | conclusions. There | ||
| appropriate | conclusions with | no suggestions for | and have little or no | is no evaluation of | ||
| conclusions with clear | some reference to | improvement or | relevance to the data. | the limitations of | ||
| reference to the data | the data and | further work. There is | There is no evaluation | the materials and | ||
| and suggestions for | suggestions for | little or no evaluation | of the limitations of | methods. | ||
| improvement or | improvement or | of the limitations of | the materials and | |||
| further work. There is | further work. There | the materials and | methods. | |||
| a clear and complete | is some evaluation | methods. | ||||
| evaluation of the | of the limitations of | |||||
| limitations of the | the materials and | |||||
| materials and | methods. | |||||
| methods. | ||||||
| Presentation | The presentation is | The presentation | The presentation lacks | The presentation lacks | The presentation is | No attempt has |
| /Abstract: | highly professional | has some | some elements of | professionalism in | generally poor in | been made to |
| (10%) | with very good | professional | professionalism in | terms of structure, | terms of structure, | present the report |
| structure, grammar | elements with | terms of structure, | grammar and spelling. | grammar and | according to the | |
| and spelling. The | generally good | grammar and spelling. | The abstract is limited | spelling. The | criteria provided. | |
| abstract is well | structure, grammar | The abstract is limited | or missing. The | abstract missing. | ||
| constructed | and spelling. The | and does not describe | reference list is limited | The reference list is | ||
| accurately describing | abstract is | the content | or missing. | missing. | ||
| the content. The | appropriately | adequately. The | ||||
| content of the report | constructed | reference list is limited | ||||
| is evidenced with a | describing the | or poorly formatted. | ||||
| correctly formatted | content adequately. | |||||
| reference list. | The content of the | |||||
| report is evidenced | ||||||
| with a formatted | ||||||
| reference list. |
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