INCREASE IN AIR TEMPERATURE AND GREEN SPACE IMPACT ON HEALTH                                                                                       

Due to climate change, global temperatures, as well as the frequency and intensity of heatwaves, growing in the twenty-first century. Long periods of high daytime and nocturnal temperatures induce cumulative physiological stress in the human body, exacerbating the world’s leading causes of mortality, such as respiratory and cardiovascular illnesses, diabetes, and kidney disease. Heatwaves may have a huge impact on a big population for a short period, typically resulting in a public health emergency, excess mortality, and cascading socioeconomic effects such as decreased work capacity and productivity. They can also lead to a reduction in healthcare delivery capacity, since power outages, which are common during heat waves, impair healthcare institutions, transportation, and water infrastructure. Increasing global temperatures have an impact on all people (Bennici et al, 2020). The risk of death due to heat stress is higher for some populations than for others due to greater exposure or physiology or socioeconomic vulnerability. Elderly people, babies and children, women who are pregnant, outdoor and manual laborers, athletes, and the impoverished are examples of those who fall into this category. Depending on your gender, heat exposure might have a significant impact.

Exposure to severe heat can lead to heatstroke and dehydration, as well as cardiovascular, pulmonary, and cerebrovascular disorders. Populations in northern latitudes are more vulnerable to the effects of extreme heat because they are not equipped to deal with it. Heat can also have negative impacts on your health in other ways. Heat may affect human behavior, disease transmission, health service delivery, air quality, and other important social infrastructure including electricity, transportation, and water. To what degree and in what way heat influences health is determined by the occurrence of a temperature event, individual acclimatization, and the ability of the local people, infrastructure, and institutions to adjust to the changing environment. Variations from seasonal average temperatures, even by a few degrees, are linked to an increased incidence of sickness or mortality.

There is a growing awareness of the health advantages that may be derived by offering high-quality, well-designed parks and natural areas to the general population. Vegetation such as trees and shrubs may reduce noise, improve air quality, cool off hot metropolitan areas, and help with food security (Sun et al, 2017). As sea levels rise, storms become more intense, and infrastructure deteriorates due to sea-level rise, parks reduce harmful carbon pollution that is fueling climate change. Parks also help to alleviate some of the most pressing public health issues that are being exacerbated as a result of climate change. may contribute to the decrease of temperature and air pollution in metropolitan areas while also providing varied additional advantages such as biodiverse ecosystems and improved living and recreation areas. There are several benefits to having parked in cities, including lowering air pollution and removing carbon dioxide from the environment (Sun et al, 2020). They help preserve the area’s biodiversity while also serving as flood and mudslide buffers. Better air quality, less traffic noise, cooler temperatures, and increased variety are all connected with green places. As a result of poor walkability and restricted access to recreational places, about 3.3% of worldwide fatalities are now blamed on inactivity.

REFERENCES

Sun, Y., Ilango, S. D., Schwarz, L., Wang, Q., Chen, J. C., Lawrence, J. M., … & Benmarhnia, T. (2020). Examining the joint effects of heatwaves, air pollution, and green space on the risk of preterm birth in California. Environmental Research Letters, 15(10), 104099.

Sun, S., Xu, X., Lao, Z., Liu, W., Li, Z., García, E. H., … & Zhu, J. (2017). Evaluating the impact of urban green space and landscape design parameters on thermal comfort in hot summer by numerical simulation. Building and Environment, 123, 277-288.

Bennici, S., Polimann, T., Ondarts, M., Gonze, E., Vaulot, C., & Le Pierrès, N. (2020). Long-term impact of air pollutants on thermochemical heat storage materials. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 117, 109473.

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